Chris Klebanoff, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, discusses some of the key challenges associated with the clinical development of adoptive T cell therapies for solid tumors. The identification of high-quality, tumor-specific targets and dealing with antigen heterogeneity are key challenges discussed. In addition, Dr Klebanoff discusses difficulties associated with finding patients that express target antigens and highlights the need for less time-consuming and less expensive methods for patient identification. This interview took place at the International Conference on Lymphocyte Engineering (ICLE) 2022.